BSON used in MongoDB

BSON is binary JSON

BSON extends JSON to include more data types such as Dates that are not native to JSON.

BSON Characteristics

Lightweight

Small in size, although in certain cases can be more over head then JSON

Traversable

Adds meta info about the data, for example the length of strings to make traversal faster

Efficient

Encoding to BSON and decoding from it is fast due to the use of C data types. For instance integers are stored as 32 or 64 bit integers rather than strings like in JSON so they don’t need to be converted back and fourth from ints to strings